1932

history

Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar.

Events of 1932

January

,
  • January 1 – The United States Post Office Department issues a set of 12 stamps commemorating the 200th anniversary of George Washington's birth.
  • January 3 – The British arrest and intern Mohandas Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel.
  • January 7 – The Stimson Doctrine is proclaimed, in response to the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.
  • January 8 – In Britain the Archbishop of Canterbury forbids church remarriage of divorced persons.

February

,

March

April

  • April
    • 10,000 disgruntled Newfoundlanders march on their legislature to show discontent with their current political situation; this is a flash point in the demise of the Dominion of Newfoundland.
    • Kreuger & Toll, the company of the "Match King" Ivar Kreuger, collapses.
  • April 5 – Prohibition is lifted in Finland at 10 in the morning (local time), resulting in a new mnemonic "543210".
  • April 6
    • U.S. president Herbert Hoover supports armament limitations.
    • The trial against fraudulent art dealer Otto Wacker begins in Berlin.
  • April 10 – Paul von Hindenburg is elected president of Germany.
  • April 14 – John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton focus a proton beam on lithium and split its nucleus.
  • April 17 – Haile Selassie announces an anti-slavery law in Abyssinia.
  • April 19 – German art dealer Otto Wacker is sentenced to 19 months in prison for selling fraudulent paintings he attributed to Vincent van Gogh.
  • April 25 – Two of the companions of Islam's Last Prophet Muhammad are moved from their graves upon informing of water in the graves in the dream of King Faisal of Iraq in Salmaan Paak, Iraq. Their names are Hazrat Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman and Hazrat Jabir ibn Abd-Allah.

May

  • May 2 – Comedian Jack Benny's radio show airs for the first time.
  • May 6 – Paul Gorguloff shoots French president Paul Doumer in Paris; Doumer dies the next day.
  • May 10Albert Lebrun becomes the new president of France.
  • May 12 – Ten weeks after his abduction, the infant son of Charles Lindbergh is found dead just a few miles from the Lindberghs' home.
  • May 13 – The Premier of New South Wales, Jack Lang, is dismissed by the State Governor, Sir Phillip Game.
  • May 15 – Japanese troops leave Shanghai; the May 15 Incident, the assassination of Japanese prime minister Tsuyoshi Inukai, occurs.
  • May 16 – Massive riots between Hindus and Muslims in Bombay leave thousands dead and injured.
  • May 20–21 – Amelia Earhart flies from the USA to Derry, Northern Ireland in 14 hours 54 minutes.
  • May 20 – FederaciĂłn Obrera de la Industria de la Carne initiates a major strike in the Argentinian meat-packing industry.
  • May 26 – judgement in Donoghue v Stevenson handed down in the House of Lords, creating the neighbour principle in English law.
  • May 29 – The first of approximately 15,000 World War I veterans arrive in Washington, D.C. demanding the immediate payment of their military bonus, becoming known as the Bonus Army.
  • May 30 – German chancellor Heinrich BrĂĽning resigns. President Hindenburg asks Franz von Papen to form a new government.

June

  • June – The Chaco War begins between Bolivia and Paraguay.
  • June 4 – A military coup occurs in Chile.
  • June 6 – The Revenue Act of 1932 is enacted, creating the first gas tax in the United States at 1 cent per US gallon (0.26 ¢L) sold.
  • June 14 – Bans against the SS and SA are overturned in Germany.
  • June 20 – The Benelux customs union is negotiated.
  • June 24 – After a relatively bloodless military rebellion, Siam becomes a constitutional monarchy.
  • June 29 – The comedy serial Vic and Sade debuts on NBC Radio.

July

  • July 5 – Antonio de Oliveira Salazar becomes the fascist prime minister of Portugal (for the next 36 years).
  • July 7 – The French submarine PromĂ©thĂ©e sinks off Cherbourg; 66 are killed.
  • July 8 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression, bottoming out at 41.22.
  • July 9 – The Constitutionalist Revolution starts in Brazil, with the uprising of the state of SĂŁo Paulo.
  • July 12
    • Norway annexes northern Greenland.
    • Hedley Verity establishes a new first-class cricket record by taking all ten wickets for only ten runs against Nottinghamshire on a pitch affected by a storm.
  • July 17 – Bloody Sunday: In Altona, Germany, armed communists attack a National Socialist demonstration; 18 are killed. Many other political street fights follow.
  • July 28 – U.S. President Herbert Hoover orders the U.S. Army to forcibly evict the Bonus Army of World War I veterans gathered in Washington, D.C.. Troops disperse the last of the Bonus Army the next day.
  • July 30
    • The 1932 Summer Olympics open in Los Angeles.
    • Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first animated cartoon to be presented in full Technicolor, premieres in Los Angeles, California. It releases in theaters, along with Eugene O'Neill's experimental play Strange Interlude (starring Norma Shearer and Clark Gable), and will go on to win the first Academy Award for Best Animated Short.

August

  • August – A farmers' revolt begins in the Midwestern United States.
  • August 1 – The second International Polar Year, an international scientific collaboration, begins.
  • August 2 – The first positron is discovered by Carl D. Anderson.
  • August 6 – The first Venice Film Festival is held.
  • August 7 – Raymond Edward Welch becomes the first one legged man to scale the 6,288 ft. Mount Washington, NH.
  • August 10 – A 5.1 kg chondrite-type meteorite breaks into at least 7 fragments and strikes earth near the town of Archie in Cass County, Missouri.
  • August 18 – Auguste Piccard reaches an altitude of 16,197 meters with an air balloon.
  • August 30 – Hermann Göring is elected as chairman of the German Senate.
  • August 31 – A total solar eclipse is visible from northern Canada through NE Vermont, New Hampshire, SW Maine,and the Capes of Massachusetts.

September

  • September 9 – The Generalitat reinstated, Catalonia regains political autonomy inside the 2nd Spanish Republic from September 25 on.
  • September 11 – Canadian operations end on the International Railway (New York – Ontario).
  • September 20 – Mohandas Gandhi begins a hunger strike in Poona prison.
  • September 23 – The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  • September 28 – According to Prussian statistics, 115 people have been killed in political riots during the year.

October

November

broke the German Enigma cipher and overcame the ever-growing structural and operating complexities of the evolving Enigma with plugboard, the main German cipher device during World War II. ]]
  • November 1 – The San Francisco Opera House opens.
  • November 7Buck Rogers in the 25th Century airs on American radio for the first time.
  • November 8 – U.S. presidential election, 1932: Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt defeats Republican President Herbert Hoover in a landslide victory.
  • November 9
  • November 16New York City's Palace Theatre fully converts to a cinema, which is considered the final death knell of vaudeville as a popular entertainment in the United States.
  • November 19 – The second wife of Joseph Stalin is found dead in her home.
  • November 21 – German president Hindenburg begins negotiations with Adolf Hitler about the formation of a new government.
  • November 24 – In Washington, D.C., the FBI Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory (better known as the FBI Crime Lab) officially opens.
  • November 30 – The Cipher Bureau breaks the German Enigma cipher.

December

Undated

  • The heath hen becomes extinct.
  • Female suffrage is granted in Brazil.
  • Mars Bar is sold for the first time.
  • Zippo lighters are developed.
  • Zero-length springs are invented, revolutionizing seismometers and gravimeters.
  • The Kennedy-Thorndike experiment shows that measured time as well as length are affected by motion, in accordance with the theory of special relativity.
  • James Chadwick discovers the neutron.
  • Geneticist J. B. S. Haldane publishes The Causes of Evolution and thereby unifies the findings of Mendelian genetics with those of evolutionary science.
  • The Republican Citizens Committee Against National Prohibition is established for the repeal of prohibition in the U.S.
  • Prontosil, the first oral antibiotic, is discovered by Gerhard Domagk, but no publication occurs until 1935.
  • Unemployment in the USA – ca. 33% – 14 million.
  • Yezd Atash Behram becomes established in Yazd, Iran.

Births

January

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February

March

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  • March ? – Dennis O'Neill young victim of manslaughter by fosterparents (d. 1945)
  • March 4
    • Ryszard KapuĹ›ciĹ„ski, Polish journalist (d. 2007)
    • Miriam Makeba, South African singer (d. 2008)
    • Ed Roth, American car designer (d. 2001)
    • Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (d. 1994)
  • March 6 – BronisĹ‚aw Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (d. 2008)
  • March 12 – Andrew Young, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations
  • March 16 – Don Blasingame, Major League Baseball player and Japanese baseball manager (d. 2005)
  • March 17 – Donald N. Langenberg, American physicist
  • March 18John Updike, American author (d. 2009)
  • March 21Walter Gilbert, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • March 25Gene Shalit, American film critic
  • March 30 – Ted Morgan, French-born author, biographer, and journalist

April

May

  • May 7
    • Jenny Joseph, English poet
    • Jordi Bonet, Canadian artist
  • May 8
    • Phyllida Law, Scottish actress
    • Sonny Liston, American boxer (d. 1970)
  • May 9 – Geraldine McEwan, English actress
  • May 17 – Chris Ballingall, American baseball player
  • May 19Alma Cogan, English singer (d. 1966)
  • May 25
    • John Gregory Dunne, American writer (d. 2003)
    • Roger Bowen, American actor (d. 1996)
    • K.C. Jones, American basketball player and coach

June

July

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August

  • August 1 – Meena Kumari, Indian actress (d. 1972)
  • August 2
    • Lamar Hunt, American sportsman (d. 2006)
    • Peter O'Toole, Irish actor
  • August 6 – Howard Hodgkin, British painter and print-maker
  • August 7 – Dr. Maurice Rabb, Jr., African-American ophthalmologist (d. 2005)
  • August 7 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian long-distance runner (d. 1973)
  • August 8 – Mel Tillis, American country singer
  • August 11Fernando Arrabal, Moroccan-born writer
  • August 12 – Charlie O'Donnell, American game show announcer (Wheel of Fortune)
    • Sirikit, Queen of Thailand 5 May 1950 – present
  • August 17 – V. S. Naipaul, West Indian-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate
  • August 18 – William R. Bennett, Premier of British Columbia
  • August 20 – Vasily Aksyonov, Russian writer (d. 2009)

September

October

November

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December

Deaths

January–June

July–December

  • July 2 – Manuel II of Portugal, last king of Portugal (b. 1889)
  • July 6 – Kenneth Grahame, Scottish author (The Wind In The Willows) (b. 1859)
  • July 7 – Henry Eyster Jacobs, American Lutheran theologian (b. 1844)
  • July 22 – Errico Malatesta, Italian anarchist (b. 1853)
  • July 22 – Florenz Ziegfeld, Broadway impressario (b. 1867)
  • July 23
    • Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian aviation pioneer (b. 1873)
    • Tenby Davies, Welsh half-mile world champion runner (b. 1884)
  • September 5 – Paul Bern, American screenwriter (b. 1889)
  • September 16Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857)
  • September 18 – Peg Entwistle, American actress (b. 1908)
  • September 20 – Wovoka, Paiute visionary (Ghost Dance) (b. c. 1856)
  • September 23 – Jules ChĂ©ret, French poster designer (b. 1836)
  • October 5 – Christopher Brennan, Australian poet and scholar (b. 1870)
  • October 17 – Lucy Bacon, American painter (b. 1857)
  • October 26 – Molly Brown, Denver socialite, Titanic survivor (b. 1867)
  • November 4 – Belle Bennett, American actress (b. 1891)
  • November 15 – Charles Waddell Chesnutt, African American author, essayist, political activist (b. 1858)
  • December 19 – Yoon Bong-Gil, Korean resister against Japanese occupation of Korea (executed) (b. 1908)
  • December 28 – Malcolm Whitman, American tennis player (b. 1877)
  • Edward Bernstein, German socialist (b. 1850)

Nobel Prizes

Notes

External links

Table of contents

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